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History of Backyard Chickens - WW1 and WW2

Writer's picture: Kelsey SteinmetzKelsey Steinmetz

Backyard chickens may seem like a quaint hobby today, but they played a crucial role during World War I and World War II. In the early 1900s, chickens were not as common on farms as they are now. However, as the United States entered WWI in 1917, the country initiated a campaign to promote backyard chickens through USDA posters. These posters highlighted the importance of food security, income potential, and patriotism. By raising chickens, Americans could support the war effort by providing a steady supply of food and eggs, thereby reducing the pressure on the food supply needed for troops.


The concept of backyard farming gained even more momentum during WWII with the introduction of Victory Gardens. These gardens, along with backyard chicken farming, were encouraged to boost morale and reduce the demand on commercial food supplies needed for the war. Citizens were urged to grow their own vegetables and raise chickens, which not only provided essential nutrition but also fostered a sense of community and shared responsibility. Backyard chickens were a practical solution to food shortages, enabling people to contribute directly to the war effort from their homes.


Fast forward to today, and the practice of maintaining homesteads, including raising chickens, continues to offer significant benefits to local communities. Economically, developed homesteads can act as micro-enterprises that contribute to the local economy by producing surplus agricultural products, crafts, and other goods for sale. This creates income opportunities for homesteaders and local markets, generating more job opportunities and fostering a vibrant local economy. The ripple effect of these economic activities reduces dependence on external resources and strengthens local financial resilience.


Socially, homesteads foster a strong sense of community and resilience. Homesteaders often share resources, knowledge, and labor, strengthening community bonds and encouraging a collaborative spirit. These connections can lead to community initiatives such as shared gardens, local markets, and educational workshops, benefiting everyone involved. The presence of well-maintained homesteads also enhances the aesthetic appeal of the community, instilling pride and encouraging further investment in local infrastructure and amenities.


Environmentally, homesteads promote sustainability through practices such as organic farming, water conservation, and the use of renewable energy. These practices reduce the ecological footprint of the community and promote biodiversity. Homesteaders often act as stewards of the land, maintaining soil health, managing waste responsibly, and creating habitats for local wildlife. This sustainable approach not only preserves natural resources for future generations but also educates the wider community on the importance of environmental stewardship.



In summary, backyard chickens and developed homesteads have proven to be more than just quaint or nostalgic practices; they are vital components of resilient and thriving communities. By boosting the local economy, fostering social connections, and promoting environmentally friendly practices, homesteads play a pivotal role in enhancing the overall quality of life for community members.




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